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Minimally Invasive and Maximally Effective Approaches to Pancreatic Fluid Collections and Pancreatic Necrosis

严重的坏死性胰腺炎由于其流行,经济成本和发病率和死亡率高而且是巨大的临床问题。在初期以全身炎症反应为特征,死亡率的主要原因是胰腺坏死的感染,以40-70%的患者发展。1如果没有干预,该组的死亡率非常高,但可以使用各种手术胰腺下切除术的方法显着降低。然而,随着围手术期的死亡率为10-40%,并发症率超过70%,常规的胰腺坏死切除术呈现自己的问题,通常用纵曲处理。此外,通常需要重复进入手术室。2,3

近年来,新兴的证据已经证明,微创技术是对胰腺切除术的更具吸引力的方法,因为它们可以提供更小的侮辱,以便已经严重病患者,类似的技术结果和更低的并发症率。这些方法包括翻剖或综例腹腔镜技术,内窥镜超声(EUS)引导囊尾囊肿和介入放射学方法。Matthew T. Moyer, MD, MS, assistant professor of medicine, Penn State Gastroenterology, explains “Here we approach each case differently, but most commonly rely on EUS-guided transgastric or transduodenal cystgastrostomy to treat these patients.” After initial drainage and lavage, direct debridement of any solid debris can be performed either immediately or at a follow-up procedure depending on the configuration of the abscess and the stability of the patient. This results in a relatively clean cyst that heals in time and, with the addition of ERCP, the goal is to re-establish the exocrine flow through the native duct.” In a published case series of patients who underwent EUS-guided transgastric or transduodenal cystgastrostomy at118金宝搏抽水Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center,达到了83%的临床分辨率,无需并发症。3.

然而,在复杂或广泛的病变的情况下,可能需要介入放射学或手术方法的额外排水。最近,Moyer和Mathew描述了一种独特的经皮内窥镜接近这种情况,其中柔性内窥镜通过先前在CT引导下制造的目标接入点进行,并且用于在直接可视化下扼杀受感染的组织;然后将大型口径灌溉管放置在适当的地方以进行持续的禁止灌洗。通过这种方法,腹膜腔没有被污染,使用单个接入点实现清创和灌洗。Moyer Notes“在严重的坏死性胰腺炎的情况下,需要广泛的清创,使用柔性内窥镜而不是刚性腹腔镜,提供了能够直接符合接入点的感染床的遗址,并完成传统或传统范围内的程序。“通过op第二天的一天,患者急剧提高,所有漏斗在门诊设定的两个月内成功删除,患者完全恢复。Moyer指出“虽然这种情况的结果令人鼓舞,但需要更大的系列来更清楚地评估这种方法的临床疗效和安全性。”

有效治疗坏死性胰腺炎患者的挑战之一在于为单个患者选择正确的方法。目标病变的变化需要单独量身定制和灵活的方法。不可否认,如果他们的情况未能解决,一些患者仍需要延迟常规的手术干预。总体而言,治疗技术必须继续为这些需要改进治疗方案的患者开发。

Figure 1. A, initial CT revealing a multi-locular pseudocyst extending from the lesser sac to the splenic hilum (arrow). B, Fluoroscopic image showing the drainage catheter previously placed under CT guidance (black arrow), fluoroscopically placed 30Fr introducer sheath (white arrow), and the previously placed transgastric pig-tailed stents (clear arrow). C, endoscopic view of the Roth net removing necrosum from deep inside the abscess. D, interior of the abscess cavity after removal of a majority of the debris.

Figure 1. A, initial CT revealing a multi-locular pseudocyst extending from the lesser sac to the splenic hilum (arrow). B, Fluoroscopic image showing the drainage catheter previously placed under CT guidance (black arrow), fluoroscopically placed 30Fr introducer sheath (white arrow), and the previously placed transgastric pig-tailed stents (clear arrow). C, endoscopic view of the Roth net removing necrosum from deep inside the abscess. D, interior of the abscess cavity after removal of a majority of the debris.

Figure 1: E, placement of the Malecot drain. F, follow-up CT scan demonstrating marked radiographic improvement at 1 month.

Figure 1. E, placement of the Malecot drain. F, follow-up CT scan demonstrating marked radiographic improvement at 1 month.

A head-and-shoulders photo of Matthew T. Moyer, MD, MS

Matthew T. Moyer, MD, MS

Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Penn State Cancer Institute
Phone:717-531-4950.
Email:mmoyer@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.
Fellowship:Penn State Herton 118金宝搏抽水S.Hershey Medical Center,Penn State Health Hershey,PA。
居住地:Internal Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pa.
医学院:PENN州立医学院Hershey,PA。
Connect with Matthew T. Moyer, MD, MS, on Doximity

References

  1. 银行PA,Freeman ML。急性胰腺炎的实践指南Am J Gastroenterol.2006;101:2379。
  2. Conner S, Alexakis N, Raraty GT, et al.Early and late complications after pancreatic necrosectomy手术。2005;137:499-505.
  3. H Seifert, M Biermer, W Schmitt, et al.急性胰腺炎后的翻膜内窥镜切除术:长期随访的多期面研究(Gepard研究)胆量。2009 58: 1260-1266.

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体育nn State Health Colon and Rectal Surgeryconsists of highly skilled, board-certified surgeons specializing in the treatment of patients with complicated colorectal disease. Each surgeon uses advanced diagnostic capabilities, the latest drug therapies, and leading-edge surgical techniques to provide the most effective medical care possible.

宾夕法尼亚州胃肠病毒学和肝脏和118金宝搏抽水肝病学和宾州国家健康结直肠手术的使命是提供世界一流的护理,并通过研究推进消化系统和肝脏疾病的知识,以及培训未来的医生。医生参与研究以确定通过临床研究研究和研究中新型治疗的有用性,并在研究中推动了该领域的疾病的基本知识。

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