Pancreatic cancer affects the pancreas, a gland between your stomach and your spine. Your pancreas produces hormones and juices that help break down food.
胰腺癌是美国癌症相关死亡的第四个主要原因。这是美国的第二次常见的胃肠道癌，并且变得越来越普遍。
到目前为止，最常见的胰腺癌称为胰腺癌。大多数病例被诊断为晚期，当难以治疗时，这就是为什么死亡率仍然很高。宾州癌症研究所旨在通过早期检测，适当的分期和多学科管理来改善结果。
Treatment
Treating and managing pancreatic cancer requires experts and specialists with a wide range of knowledge and experience. The treatment plan depends on the stage and extent of the disease.
Pancreatic tumors that have not deeply invaded surrounding blood vessels are usually removed through surgery. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be needed before surgery.
如果胰腺癌已经入侵了周围的动脉，手术以除去肿瘤可能不是一种选择。在这种情况下，化疗和可能的放射治疗是最常见的治疗方法。
对于转移性胰腺癌 - 蔓延到远处器官和身体部位的肿瘤 - 姑息类化疗是护理标准。目标是减少症状并可能延长生命。临床试验可能是一种选择，提供对新的和有前途的治疗方法的访问。要了解您或您所爱的人是否是临床试验的候选人，请与您的医疗保健团队交谈。
For advanced pancreatic cancer, starting palliative care right away can help control symptoms and maintain quality of life. Palliative care can usually start shortly after diagnosis.
相关护理和支持
为了提高您在待遇的同时提高您的舒适和幸福，您将可以获得护理：
- 姑息治疗提供者
- Social workers
- 营养学家
- Physical therapists
- 艺术和音乐治疗师
- 心理学家
Family members may be at increased risk for pancreatic cancer. Genetic counseling and education can help reduce the risk and help identify symptoms at an earlier stage. Our genetics counselor玛丽亚贝克，博士，可以提供这个重要的服务。
见团队
预防和筛选
Prevention
您可以通过避免某些危险因素来降低胰腺癌的风险，例如：
- 抽烟
- 肥胖
- 吃了很多红肉或加工的肉和乳制品
- Heavy drinking of alcohol
- Exposure to chemicals such as asbestos, benzene and pesticides
Screening
Currently, there is no effective screening method for pancreatic cancer. Research into possible methods is ongoing.
症状和诊断
Pancreatic cancer is cancer that starts in the pancreas.
症状
胰腺癌的迹象依赖于肿瘤位于体内的位置。一些常见的标志包括：
- 黄疸（黄色的皮肤或白色的白人）
- 暗尿
- 粘土色凳子
- 腹部或背部疼痛
- 食欲不振
- 减肥
- 经常消化不良或恶心
- Abdominal bloating
- 浮凳
- 沮丧
诊断
If your doctor suspects pancreatic cancer, the first step is computer tomography (CT) scans. If CT scans do not show cancer or if you are allergic to CT contrast dye, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used.
为了确定癌症的阶段，您将需要使用柔性，点亮的范围和声波，或内窥镜逆行胆管术（ERCP），使用柔性，点亮的范围和X射线，需要内窥镜超声检查（EUS）。
Positron emission tomography (PET), CT scans or laparoscopy may help if the cancer has spread and is not detected on CT or MRI scans. Diagnosis is often made by EUS-guided fine needle aspiration or CT-guided core needle biopsy.
支持团体
Support groups provide an opportunity to share your feelings and connect with other patients and caregivers who are experiencing similar struggles.
