Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias

  • What is Alzheimer’s Disease?
    • Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia.
    • It is a progressive disease beginning with mild memory loss and possibly leading to loss of the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to the environment.
    • 阿尔茨海默病的疾病涉及控制思想，记忆和语言的大脑的部分。
    • 它可以严重影响一个人进行日常活动的能力。
  • 谁有阿尔茨海默病?
    • 2020年，多达580万美国人与阿尔茨海默病有关。1
    • 年轻人可能会得到阿尔茨海默病，但它不太常见。
    • The number of people living with the disease doubles every 5 years beyond age 65.
    • 将这个数字预计将在2060年到1400万人近三倍。1
    • 疾病的症状首先出现在60岁以后，风险随着年龄的增长而增加。
  • What is known about Alzheimer’s Disease?

    科学家们尚未完全理解阿尔茨海默病的疾病。可能不是一个原因，而是几个因素可以不同地影响每个人。

    • Age is the best-known risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease.
    • 家族史 - 研究人员认为遗传学可能在发展阿尔茨海默病的疾病中发挥作用。然而，基因不等于命运。健康的生活方式可能有助于降低培养阿尔茨海默病的风险。两项大型长期研究表明，充分的体育活动，营养饮食，饮酒有限，而且不吸烟可能有助于人们。要了解更多关于该研究的信息，您可以listen to a short podcast.
    • 大脑的变化可以在第一个症状出现之前开始。
    • 研究的hers are studying whether education, diet, and environment play a role in developing Alzheimer’s disease.
    • 越来越多的科学证据表明，已被证明预防癌症，糖尿病和心脏病的健康行为也可能降低主观认知下降的风险。Here’s 8 ways。
  • 阿尔茨海默病的警告迹象是什么？

    阿尔茨海默病不是衰老的正常部分。内存问题通常是阿尔茨海默病病和相关痴呆的第一个警告标志之一。

    In addition to memory problems, someone with symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease may experience one or more of the following:

    • 记忆损失破坏日常生活，例如在熟悉的地方迷失或重复问题。
    • Trouble handling money and paying bills.
    • 难以在家里完成熟悉的任务，工作或休闲。
    • Decreased or poor judgment.
    • Misplacing things and being unable to retrace steps to find them.
    • 情绪，人格或行为的变化。

    Even if you or someone you know has several or even most of these signs, it doesn’t mean it’s Alzheimer’s disease. Know the10 warning signs(also available in西班牙语).

  • 如果您怀疑阿尔茨海默病的疾病，该怎么办

    Getting checked by your healthcare provider can help determine if the symptoms you are experiencing are related to Alzheimer’s disease, or a more treatable condition such as a vitamin deficiency or a side effect from medication. Early and accurate diagnosis also provides opportunities for you and your family to consider financial planning, develop advance directives, enroll in clinical trials, and anticipate care needs.

  • How is Alzheimer’s disease treated?

    医疗管理可以提高与阿尔茨海默病的个人的生活质量和护理人员。目前没有已知治愈阿尔茨海默病。治疗解决了几个领域：

    • Helping people maintain brain health.
    • 管理行为症状。
    • Slowing or delaying symptoms of the disease.
  • Support for family and friends

    Currently, many people living with Alzheimer’s disease are cared for at home by family members. Caregiving can have positive aspects for the caregiver as well as the person being cared for. It may bring personal fulfillment to the caregiver, such as satisfaction from helping a family member or friend, and lead to the development of new skills and improved family relationships.

    Although most people willingly provide care to their loved ones and friends, caring for a person with Alzheimer’s disease at home can be a difficult task and may become overwhelming at times. Each day brings new challenges as the caregiver copes with changing levels of ability and new patterns of behavior. As the disease gets worse, people living with Alzheimer’s disease often need more intensive care.

    You can find more information about照顾自己and access a helpfulcare planning form。

  • 阿尔茨海默病在美国的疾病是什么？
    • Alzheimer’s disease is one of the top 10 leading causes of death in the United States.2
    • The 6th leading cause of death among US adults.
    • The 5th leading cause of death among adults aged 65 years or older.3

    2020年，估计为580万年龄在65岁或以上的美国人有阿尔茨海默病。1将这个数字预计将在2060年到1400万人近三倍。1

    2010年，将阿尔茨海默病的成本预计将占159美元至2150亿美元。4By 2040, these costs are projected to jump to between $379 and more than $500 billion annually.4

    与衰落的心脏病和癌症死亡率不同，阿尔茨海默病的死亡率正在增加。5Dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, has been shown to be under-reported in death certificates and therefore the proportion of older people who die from Alzheimer’s may be considerably higher.6

  • Resources on Aging, Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Health

    Aging

    CDC Healthy Brain Initiative

    Other Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitive Health Resources

  • 参考
    1. Matthews, K. A., Xu, W., Gaglioti, A. H., Holt, J. B., Croft, J. B., Mack, D., & McGuire, L. C. (2018). Racial and ethnic estimates of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in the United States (2015–2060) in adults aged≥ 65 years.Alzheimer’s & Dementia。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.3063外部图标
    2. 徐吉，Kochanek KD，Sherry L，Murphy BS，Tejada-Vera B.死亡：2007年的最终数据。国家重要统计报告;卷。58，没有。19. Hyattsville，MD：国家卫生统计中心。2010年。
    3. Heron M. Deaths: leading causes for 2010. National vital statistics reports; vol. 62, no 6. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2013.
    4. Hurd MD, Martorell P, Delavande A, Mullen KJ, Langa KM. Monetary costs of dementia in the United States.NEJM。2013;368(14):1326-34.
    5. Tejada-Vera B. Mortality from Alzheimer’s disease in the United States: data for 2000 and 2010. NCHS data brief, no 116. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2013.
    6. James BD. Leurgans SE, Hebert LE, et al. Contribution of Alzheimer disease to mortality in the United States.神经病学。2014; 82：1-6。

Original sourcehttps://www.cdc.gov/ging/aginginfo/alzheimers.htm.