Helping Girls Deal With Unwanted Sexual Attention

The first step to getting girls geared up to deal with unwanted attention is taking it seriously.

“What parents have to acknowledge is that from the moment their daughters hit puberty they’re likely to get attention,” says Dr. David Anderson, a clinical psychologist at the Child Mind Institute, “and that some of that attention, whether it’s a lewd comment from a stranger, or a boy who won’t take no for an answer, is going to be unwelcome, uncomfortable or even scary.”

他说，虽然大多数父母都知道不必要的关注，但有些父母 - 尤其是父母dads who probably haven’t experienced it themselves- 可能没有意识到这是多么普遍，有多沮丧。

“We have a tendency to downplay these experiences,” says Dr. Stephanie Dowd, a clinical psychologist. “But when we say, ‘Oh that’s no big deal, it happens to everyone,’ or suggest that it’s just part of life as a female, we’re implying that girls who feel victimized or upset are overreacting.” Instead, she says parents should send girls a clear message: “their feelings and boundaries are valid, and deserve to be respected.”

On the flip side, Dr. Anderson says, it’s also important to fight the urge to overreact. “As parents it’s natural to want to protect your child, but realistically you won’t be able to be by her side every day for the rest of her life,” he says. Tempting as it may be to hire a full-time bodyguard, parents should focus on empowering girls to become their own advocates.

“Part of staying safe and feeling comfortable is having the ability to recognize when something is making you feel uncomfortable or unsafe,” says Dr. Dowd, “And having the confidence to say, ‘What you’re doing is making me feel bad, and I don’t deserve that.’ ”

“One of the biggest mistakes we make when discussing unwanted attention is suggesting that women have somehow brought the problem on themselves,”’ says Dr. Anderson. “Girls who aresexually harassedare not causing the harassment, sexual harassers are. But many end up feeling that without knowing it, they’ve somehow brought this negative interaction on themselves by wearing the wrong outfit, or being ‘too nice.’”

一件事让女孩更容易感觉的y are to blame is the implication that their bodies are somehow dirty or shameful. “Body positivity is so important,” says Dr. Dowd. “If a girl gets the message that her body or sexuality is a bad thing, and then gets attention for it, she’s very likely to feel ashamed, or humiliated.” Likewise, she says, she is less likely to seek help if she experiences sexual harassment or assault.

In the end, Dr. Anderson says, the message needs to be, “This is not your fault and it should not be your problem, but in case someone behaves badly I want to make sure you have the tools to deal with it in a way that helps you feel, and stay, safe.”

When it comes to setting boundaries父母应该开始-but not stop — with the basics.“First things first,” says Dr. Dowd. “No one has the right to touch you if you don’t want them to. Whether it’s an arm around your shoulder, a kiss or any kind of sexual contact.” Adds Dr. Anderson: “It’s important for parents to help girls get comfortable with saying no, even if they’re experiencing pressure from friends — or from the other person.”

For many girls, not being mean, or being perceived as mean or unfriendly, is a major concern — and a major pitfall, Dr. Dowd explains. “For example, if a boy has a crush on a girl but she doesn’t feel the same way she might think, ‘He’s a nice person, and I really don’t want to kiss him, but I don’t want to be mean…’” Or maybe shedoeshave a crush on him, but she isn’t ready for the kind of relationship he wants. Telling him no can be hard because she might be afraid he’ll think she’s a prude, or won’t like her anymore..

Girls often get the message that to be likedthey have to be niceand accommodating and pleasing. This, Dr. Dowd explains, results in “a struggle to feel like we’re deserving of our boundaries, especially when someone is questioning them.” It’s important to help girls understand that they don’toweanyone attention, no matter how nice, or popular, or pushy a suitor may be. And any boy worthy ofyour注意应该尊重您的感受。

To help your daughter assess her feelings when things get tricky, try coming up with a mental checklist she can run through:

• Does this feel good or bad?
• Are you saying yes because you’re worried about hurting this person’s feelings?
• 与这个人在一起的时间会让你快乐吗？
• 您是否担心要求这个人让您独自一人会产生后果？
• Are your friends pressuring you to hang out with this person even though you’re not that interested?
• 是this person asking more from you — socially, romantically or sexually, than you feel comfortable giving?

Another important way to empower her is to help her find — and practice — the words to use if someone isn’t respecting her boundaries. For example, she could say, “I don’t like that and I want you to stop.” Or “I’m just not interested” or “I’m not comfortable doing that.”

“A lot of girl-oriented media focuses on the narrative that being liked or getting attention from boys is something girls should aspire to and be grateful for,” says Dr. Dowd. “We want girls to take a second look at that and ask, ‘But…wait. Doesshelikehim？是shehaving any fun?’ ” Parents, she says, should work on helping girls become savvy consumers by teaching them to take a critical eye to media messaging. For example:

• 让时间来watch your daughter’s favorite movies or shows together,and use the chance to point out examples of negative (and positive) romantic interactions. For example, “It seems to me like she’s said no a lot of times, but he won’t leave her alone. Does that seem okay to you?”
• 聚光灯节目，具有授权信息的书籍和电影。
• Talk with her about what she reads, posts and watches on hersocial media feeds.

According to the organization Stop Street Harassment, by the time most girls are in their teens up to 99% have experienced some form of public sexual harassment. “Being catcalled on the street may seem like no big deal, but for a lot of girls the harassment can be deeply unsettling,” says Dr. Dowd.

父母应小心不要规范或驳回骚扰。道德博士指出：“街头骚扰可能很普遍，但这并不意味着可以，如果发生了什么事，请确保您的女儿明白，笑着并忍受这不是她的工作。父母可以通过公开谈论街头骚扰，并与女孩一起制定计划，以提出一个计划，以实现街头骚扰。一些想法可能包括：

• 要求另一个女人或一个家庭和她同行，直到她超越范围。“这些家伙对我大喊大叫，使我感到不舒服。我可以和你一起走到街区的尽头吗？”
• Calling a friend or family member and staying on the phone until she feels safe.
• Going into a store or restaurant.
• Crossing the street.
• 用手机拍摄骚扰者的照片。
• 例如，如果她在这种情况下感到安全，则将行为召集出来：“这真令人恶心，这让我感到非常难过。”“实际上，女人hatethis!”, “Would you talk to your own daughter like that?”

While most moms are likely no strangers to unwanted attention, the learning curve may be steeper for dads.

“Culturally, men just don’t get the same messages as women,” says Dr. Dowd. “They’re less likely to have experienced the scary side of unwanted attention, and for a lot of them, hassling or hitting on women might even be something they thought was just fun, or complimentary in the past.”

The reality, she says, is that for a lot of fathers, having a daughter may be the first time they find themselves having to imagine what these experiences are like for women. If dads find themselves struggling to understand why unwanted attention can be so upsetting, they can start by asking the women in their lives if they’d be willing share their own experiences of sexual harassment or unwanted attention.

As girls get older, it’s important to talk honestly about staying safe when they’re hanging out with their friends. Some common sense ground rules include:

• 避免alcohol and drugs.
• 如果她要去参加聚会或音乐会，与一群朋友一起参加，并达成协议互相注意。
• Making sure her phone is on and charged, in case she needs to call for a ride or ask for help.
• Not accepting rides from strangers, even ones her own age.
• If someone is making her feel unsafe, make a scene: Get loud, and get out. Do whatever it takes to get away from the person and keep yelling until someone comes to help.

If something does happen — whether it’s a boy who won’t take no for an answer, a pushy friend or a stranger making lewd comments in the street — let your daughter know you have her back, even if she’s not ready to talk about it right away. “Let your daughter know that it’s okay not to feel okay,” says Dr. Dowd. “It’s common to have residual feelings about being harassed, and sometimes it takes a little while for the feeling to set in.” When she is ready to talk, take her seriously and make it clear that you love and support her, no matter what.