泵送和存放母乳

如果您无法直接母乳喂养宝宝，请务必在您的宝宝通常会吃的时候泵送。这将有助于您继续牛奶。

Before you pump, wash your hands with soap and water. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that has at least 60% alcohol. Make sure the area where you are pumping and your pump parts and bottles are clean. You do not need to wash your breasts and nipples before pumping.

如果你需要帮助让你的牛奶在没有宝宝的情况下开始流动，你可以：

• 想想你对宝宝所爱的事情。带照片或毯子或衣服物品，让宝宝的香味。
• 向乳房涂抹温暖，潮湿的布。
• Gently massage your breasts.
• 轻轻擦乳头。
• Visualize the milk flowing down.
• 静静地坐下来思考放松的环境。

用手或泵表达牛奶的方法
类型	How it works	涉及什么	平均成本
Hand expression	You use your hand to squeeze and press on your breast to remove milk.	需要练习，技能和协调。 Gets easier with practice and can be as fast as pumping. 如果你不经常远离宝宝，或者你需要一个永远和你的选择。但所有妈妈都应该在紧急情况下学习如何用手表达。	Free
手动泵	You use your hand and wrist to operate a hand-held device to pump the milk.	需要练习，技能和协调。 Useful for occasional pumping if you are away from your baby only once in a while. 可以让你更高的风险乳房感染。	30美元到50美元*
Electric breast pump	Runs on battery or plugs into an electrical outlet.	一些妈妈可以更容易。 可以同时在一段时间或两次乳房泵送一个乳房。 Double pumping (pumping both breasts at the same time) may collect more milk in less time, which is helpful if you are going back to work or school full-time. Need a place to clean and store the equipment between uses. Electric pumps require batteries or a place to plug in.	150美元到超过250美元*

* You can rent an electric pump from a lactation consultant at a local hospital or from a breastfeeding organization. This type of pump works well for creating a milk supply when a new baby can’t feed at the breast. Mothers who have struggled with other pumping methods may find that these pumps work well for them.

大多数保险计划必须覆盖乳房泵的成本。您可以为您提供租赁或新人来保留。您的计划可以提供有关覆盖泵是手动还是电动的指导，租用泵的覆盖范围持续多长时间，以及当他们提供泵时（在您有婴儿之前或之后）。了解有关您的更多信息母乳喂养福利at HealthCare.gov and talk to your insurance company to learn their specific policies on breast pumps.

After each pumping, you can:

• 保持牛奶在室温下。布瑞亚stmilk is OK for up to 4 hours after pumping at room temperature (up to 77°F).
• Refrigerate it.布瑞亚stmilk is OK in the refrigerator for up to 4 days.
• 将牛奶放入冰箱中。If you’re not going to use refrigerated breastmilk within 4 days of pumping, freeze it right after pumping.
• 使用冷却器包。You can put breastmilk in a cooler or insulated cooler pack with frozen ice packs for up to 24 hours after pumping. After 24 hours in a cooler the breastmilk should be refrigerated or frozen.

When storing breastmilk, use breastmilk storage bags, which are made for freezing human milk. You can also use clean glass or hard BPA-free plastic bottles with tight-fitting lids. Do not use containers with the recycle number 7, which may containBPA。Do not use disposable bottle liners or other plastic bags to store breastmilk.

Storage bottles or bags to refrigerate or freeze your breastmilk also qualify as tax-deductible breastfeeding gear. Most insurance plans must cover breastfeeding supplies, such as storage bags, in addition to breast pumps. Call your insurance company to learn more.

查看我们guide to storing fresh breastmilk或者学习冷冻牛奶的提示。

• 用牛奶表达日期，清楚地标记牛奶容器。如果您将牛奶给幼儿提供者，请包括您孩子的名字。
• Freeze in small amounts (2 to 4 ounces, or ¼ to ½ cups) for later feedings.
• 将一英寸左右从牛奶留到容器的顶部，因为它会在冻结时变大。
• 等待拧紧瓶盖或盖子，直到牛奶完全冷冻。
• Store milk in the back of the freezer, not on the shelf of the freezer door, so that it doesn’t start to thaw out.

• Thaw the oldest breastmilk first.
• 布瑞亚stmilk does not need to be warmed. Some moms prefer to serve it at room temperature. Some moms serve it cold.
• Thaw the bottle or bag of frozen milk by putting it in the refrigerator overnight.
• 如果您决定温暖母乳：
  • Keep the container sealed while warming.
  • Hold it under warm, not hot, running water, or set it in a container of water that is warm, not hot.
  • Never put a bottle or bag of breastmilk in the microwave.Microwaving creates hot spots that could burn your baby and damage the milk.
  • 通过在手腕上滴下一些，在将其送到宝宝之前测试温度。牛奶应该感觉温暖，不热。
• 旋流牛奶混合脂肪，这可能已经分开。不要摇牛奶。
• 在冰箱里24小时内使用母乳。这意味着从母乳中不再冻结的时候24小时，而不是从你从冰箱中取出时。
• 一旦母乳在冰箱或冰箱中被加热到室温或温暖，就在2小时内使用它。如果您在婴儿喂食时有任何剩余的牛奶，请务必在2小时内丢弃。
• 在被解冻后不要冷冻母乳。

储存新鲜母乳的指南与健康，全职婴儿一起使用
地方	Temperature	多久	要知道的事情
台面，表格	室温（高达77°F）	最多4个小时	应覆盖容器并保持尽可能冷却。用干净的凉毛巾覆盖容器可以保持牛奶冷却器。婴儿喂养后2小时内抛出任何剩余的牛奶。
冰箱	40°F	Up to 4 days	在冰箱后面储存牛奶。在工作时，可以将母乳放入共用冰箱中。一定要清楚地标记容器。
Freezer	0°F or colder	Within 6 months is best. 最多12个月是可接受的。	将牛奶置于温度最常的冷冻机的背面。储存在0°F或更冷的牛奶对于更长的持续时间，但牛奶的质量可能不那么高。

资料来源：改编自第7版美国儿科学院（AAP）儿科营养手册（2014年）;第二版AAP /美国产科医院和妇科医师（ACOG）医生母乳喂养手册（2014）;母乳喂养医学院（ABM）临床协议＃8家庭用于全职婴儿的人类牛奶存储信息（2017）;CDC人牛奶储奶指南(2018).

	Room temperature (up to 77°F)	冰箱 （40°F）	Freezer （0°F或更冷）
解冻母乳	1到2个小时	Up to 1 day (24 hours)	不要再冷冻。

来源：改编自ABM Clinical Protocol #8 Human Milk Storage Information for Home Use for Full-Term Infants（2017）。

For more information about pumping and storing breastmilk, call the OWH Helpline at 1-800-994-9662 or check out the following resources from other organizations:

• 布瑞亚stfeeding: How to Pump and Store Your Breastmilk- 来自美国家庭医师学院的信息。
• Buying and Renting a Breast Pump- 来自食品和药物管理局（FDA）的信息。
• 食品安全对妈妈:一旦宝宝的到来- 来自FDA的信息。
• How to Clean, Sanitize, and Store Infant Feeding Items- 来自疾病控制和预防中心的信息（CDC）。
• How to Keep Your Breast Pump Kit Clean: The Essentials- 来自CDC的信息。
• 适当的储存和母乳的制备- CDC的情况表。
• 泵送牛奶— Information from La Leche League International.