支持学生的心理健康期间

By building social-emotional learning into the daily routines of your classroom, you’ll provide students with a reliable way to deal with whatever feelings they’re experiencing. Even small exercises can go a long way toward helping kids feel safe and validated.

For example, at the start of each day (after the physical temperature check, if you’re teaching in person!) you might have your students take their “feelings temperature” by labeling their emotions using a feelings word chart. Then, they can rate the intensity of the emotion on a scale from one to ten and notice where in their body they’re experiencing the feeling. Is their heart beating faster than usual? Do they feel the tension in any part of their body? Do they have a stomachache? Students can track these “feeling check-ins” in a journal and share with the class if they are comfortable doing so, for example during morning meetings. Practicing identifying their feelings and body responses will help kids learn how to cope with their feelings.

您还可以通过全天进行直接社会情感教育的时间来正常化和验证感受。例如，您可以领导有关感受或正念，促进日记，角色扮演，媒体讨论，甚至只是快速关于感受的小组签到的信息。这个想法是让学生知道可以准确感受到他们当下的感觉，并为他们提供不舒服的感觉时给他们的工具。学生可以使用的特定工具可能包括正念角落，有关腹部呼吸的悬挂视觉效果或贴在办公桌上的自我平息策略列表。

隔离会引起抑郁和焦虑的感觉。最近几个月，这变得尤为明显。尽管社会距离使建筑际交往更加严重，但帮助学生在学校建立牢固的人际关系从未如此重要。

The social learning that occurs between peers at school can be just as important as academics. When you can, prioritize opportunities for your students to get to know each other and bond. With online learning, this might look like playing class games through video chat or assigning group work that students complete together. Group discussions are also a great way for students to practice interacting and build relationships.

Having a与老师的密切关系can also be a strong protective factor against the development of mental health issues. It’s important for students to feel they can go to their teacher if they’re having a hard time. Discussing emotions in class can help with this, and you can also emphasize to students that you’re available to talk one-on-one if anything gets tough. If you notice a student seeming down or having trouble engaging, consider checking in on them — even a simple “How’s class been going for you?” can go a long way.

Put simply, mindfulness means paying attention to the moment on purpose and without judgment. There are many creative ways to结合正念into your classrooms, including these simple exercises:

• 两分钟的冥想：Try starting the day (or taking scheduled breaks) with two minutes where you encourage your students to focus only on their deep, slow breathing.
• 注意细节：Kids can practice mindfulness during activities like coloring, dancing, listening to music or even eating. Help them notice small details about their surroundings and what they’re doing. What do they hear, smell, see, feel, taste?
• Relaxation skill of the week:当孩子们镇定时，教授放松策略会在感觉确实强烈时可以使用工具。每周都会引入新的放松技巧并每天练习课程，以建立自己的工具包。一些简单关注的技能包括节奏腹部呼吸,进行性肌肉放松和guided imagery. Remember, you are your students’ model, so take time to verbalize moments when you are beginning to feel stressed or overwhelmed and narrate as you use one of the relaxation strategies to calm yourself.

孩子们通常可以分辨出成年人何时隐藏他们的东西。这可能会使已经令人焦虑的情况对孩子们感觉更糟，因为他们经常认为情况比实际情况还糟。这就是为什么重要的是要帮助您的学生了解正在发生的事情，而不会使他们不知所措。

When students do come to you with questions and concerns, it’s important to validate their feelings: “I get that the uncertainty about our school schedule is making you anxious.” Then, provide answers to their questions as much as you can: “You’re right that there’s a chance we might have to switch back to remote learning, but right now we’re still coming in person. I promise to let you and your family know as soon as we have any indication that might change.”

For younger kids, visuals and stories can help you provide information in a way that they’ll understand. For example, you might create a document with pictures highlighting the rules in your classroom around masks, hand-washing and social distancing so that students have a clear sense of what’s expected.

Even with school underway, many kids have a lot of free time right now and they’re still limited in the kinds of activities they can do. This often leads to kids spending a lot ofunstructured time in front of screens，这可能会对他们的心理健康产生有害的影响。

老师可以通过在一天中构建尽可能多的积极的动手活动来帮助这一点。Even if you’re engaging with students online, you can work as a class to come up with a list of fun non-screen activities (taking a walk, playing board games, drawing) and have students complete one activity from the list as part of their daily school assignments. You can also encourage kids to schedule their favorite activities into their daily routines and share with the class about what they’ve been up to.

在如此多的压力和不确定性中，您可能无法向学生保证一切都会好起来的。但是，通过积极支持他们在课堂上的心理健康，您将帮助他们在真正挑战的时期感到安全，受到重视和照顾。